--- title: "AEP signs Google and SoftBank to pay for its grid, but only 35 of 84 gigawatts have firm contracts" description: "The utility's 84-gigawatt AI pipeline is no longer just a load forecast: SoftBank and Google are signing to pay for AEP's lines and plants at a set return, while shareholders still fund the rest. The gap between 84 GW contracted and 35 GW firm is where the next share sale lives." publisher: "The Inference" section: "Power" published: 2026-10-30T14:47:27.246Z modified: 2026-10-30T14:47:27.246Z canonical: https://theinference.org/article/aep-signs-google-and-softbank-to-pay-for-its-grid-but-only-35-of-84-gigawatts-have-firm-contracts language: en keywords: "AEP, Utilities, Data Centers, Grid, Capital Spending, Earnings" --- # AEP signs Google and SoftBank to pay for its grid, but only 35 of 84 gigawatts have firm contracts > The utility's 84-gigawatt AI pipeline is no longer just a load forecast: SoftBank and Google are signing to pay for AEP's lines and plants at a set return, while shareholders still fund the rest. The gap between 84 GW contracted and 35 GW firm is where the next share sale lives. AEP's $100 billion grid buildout now runs on two ledgers: customers such as SoftBank and Google are contracting to pay for their own transmission and generation at a set return, while shareholders fund the rest, still buying [$5.2 billion of new equity](https://theinference.org/article/american-electric-power-added-22-billion-of-spending-and-5-2-billion-of-stock-cfo-won-t-promise-24-again) on top of nine-month earnings that are down year over year. Yesterday the utility put a delivery team on the $37 billion of transmission, and that is the part to watch. Start with what changed. [American Electric Power](https://theinference.org/markets/companies/american-electric-power), the largest US transmission operator, lifted its five-year capital plan to $100 billion from $78 billion, raised its operating EPS growth guidance to 9-11% through 2031, and reported [84 GW of contracted load through 2031](https://www.utilitydive.com/news/aep-transmission-data-center-earnings/873189/), [up 22% in a quarter](https://theinference.org/article/amazon-s-indiana-nuclear-deal-is-a-study-aep-s-69-gw-of-sold-load-is-the-story) [1]. The count is the story's headline; the funding is the story. ## The AI customer has become the utility's financier Two deals show the new model. SoftBank and its affiliates pay for the roughly $5 billion of 765-kV lines serving a 10.4-GW data center campus that SB Energy is building in Ohio, at an 11.35% base return on equity, and [Google](https://theinference.org/markets/companies/alphabet) underwrites a 20-year power purchase agreement behind AEP's $4 billion fuel cell plant in Wyoming [1]. The AI customer has become the utility's financier. That is the right shape for the AI buildout. The companies racing to deploy AI carry their own infrastructure cost instead of passing it to ratepayers, and the utility earns a formula return on capital someone else committed to. ## Firm contracts cover less than half the pipeline The first hop is already visible: a 20-year offtake agreement with SB Energy and a 20-year Google PPA are signed commercial contracts, not load forecasts [6]. The second hop is where the risk sits. Of the 84 GW contracted through 2031, only 35 GW is backed by [firm take-or-pay agreements](https://www.tradingview.com/news/zacks:182d9e8a0094b:0-aep-q3-earnings-call-highlights-growth-outlook-and-100b-capital-plan/) [2], and ERCOT is still reviewing how Texas large loads interconnect, with the audit report due December 10, 2026 [6]. In Texas, AEP has already collected more than $2 billion in cash or collateral, which tells you how much of that book is real money, not letters of intent [1]. *Chart: **Contracted load jumped to 84 GW; less than half of it is firm** Bars chart comparing AEP's contracted large load through 2031, one quarter earlier, and the firm take-or-pay portion.* *Gigawatts of incremental contracted large load through 2031, per AEP Q3 2026 earnings disclosures: 69 GW reported in Q2, 84 GW reported in Q3, of which 35 GW carry firm take-or-pay service agreements. Sources: Utility Dive, Zacks via TradingView. [1][2]* ## Jacobs and WSP are paid to close the gap between contract and energized line The delivery layer closed a day later. [Jacobs was named to run integrated delivery](https://finance.yahoo.com/energy/articles/jacobs-selected-advance-american-electric-104500083.html) for the Eastern transmission region across seven states and [WSP for the West](https://finance.yahoo.com/energy/articles/wsp-selected-strategic-delivery-partner-110000776.html), including Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas and Louisiana; delivery is already underway [4][5]. AEP also [created a new reporting segment for 2027](https://seekingalpha.com/news/4659363-aep-outlines-9-percentminus-11-percent-operating-eps-growth-for-2027minus-2031-backed-by-100b), "AEP Infrastructure," built around contracted, predictable cash flows [6]. That segment is where the customer-funded book will be visible: if it compounds, the model works. ## The financing schedule is still the constraint Capex has outrun operating cash flow every quarter this year, about $2.2 billion short in the third quarter alone [7], nine-month net income slipped to $2.774 billion from $2.998 billion even as the third-quarter beat landed [3], and the plan rides on roughly $55 billion of operating cash flow plus $5.2 billion of equity [6]. Most of the spend sits on riders and trackers that shorten regulatory lag [2], which protects the return and moves the affordability fight to customers' bills. *Chart: **AEP capex has outrun operating cash flow every quarter of 2026** Line chart of AEP quarterly capex and operating cash flow over ten quarters, with capex above cash flow in all four quarters of 2026.* *USD billions per quarter, from AEP's SEC filings: capital expenditures versus cash from operations, Q2 2024 through Q3 2026. Sources: American Electric Power SEC filings via company filings data. [7]* ## The conversion rate, not the load count, decides the 9-11% Watch the gap between the 84 GW headline and the 35 GW that is firm. Every gigawatt that converts from pipeline to contract converts into a check signed by someone else. For AEP shareholders, that conversion rate, not the load count, is the number that decides whether the 9-11% is real. For investors sizing the winner, the listed exposure is direct: AEP earns the formula return, SoftBank funds the Ohio lines, Google anchors Wyoming, and Jacobs (NYSE: J) and WSP (TSX: WSP) collect the delivery fees on the $37 billion either way [4][5]. This is the closest thing the AI power boom has to an infrastructure-as-a-service contract, and the house always builds in a return. ## Takeaway AEP's Q3 raised the capital plan to $100 billion and contracted load to 84 GW, with SoftBank and Google now funding their own lines and plants at set returns, but only 35 GW is firm and capex still outruns operating cash flow. Watch how many pipeline gigawatts convert to take-or-pay contracts. ## Sources 1. [Utility Dive, AEP increases investment plan 30% on generation, transmission spending, 29 October 2026](https://www.utilitydive.com/news/aep-transmission-data-center-earnings/873189/) 2. [Zacks via TradingView, AEP Q3 Earnings Call Highlights Growth Outlook and $100B Capital Plan, 29 October 2026](https://www.tradingview.com/news/zacks:182d9e8a0094b:0-aep-q3-earnings-call-highlights-growth-outlook-and-100b-capital-plan/) 3. [MarketScreener, American Electric Power reports earnings results for the third quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2026](https://www.marketscreener.com/news/american-electric-power-company-inc-reports-earnings-results-for-the-third-quarter-and-nine-months-ce785cd2d180f124) 4. [Business Wire via Yahoo Finance, Jacobs Selected to Advance American Electric Power's Transmission Modernization Program, 29 October 2026](https://finance.yahoo.com/energy/articles/jacobs-selected-advance-american-electric-104500083.html) 5. [GlobeNewswire via Yahoo Finance, WSP selected as strategic delivery partner for American Electric Power, 29 October 2026](https://finance.yahoo.com/energy/articles/wsp-selected-strategic-delivery-partner-110000776.html) 6. [Seeking Alpha, AEP outlines 9%-11% operating EPS growth for 2027-2031 backed by $100B 5-year capital plan, 28 October 2026](https://seekingalpha.com/news/4659363-aep-outlines-9-percentminus-11-percent-operating-eps-growth-for-2027minus-2031-backed-by-100b) 7. [American Electric Power, quarterly figures from its SEC filings, retrieved 30 October 2026](https://www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=0000004904) --- AEP signs Google and SoftBank to pay for its grid, but only 35 of 84 gigawatts have firm contracts — The Inference. Canonical: https://theinference.org/article/aep-signs-google-and-softbank-to-pay-for-its-grid-but-only-35-of-84-gigawatts-have-firm-contracts