Fermi founder sold $14 million of FRMI with no trading plan, weeks after saying he had sold none

Fermi founder Toby Neugebauer and his family trust sold about $14 million of stock on October 13 and 14 with no trading plan in place, four weeks after telling shareholders they had not sold a share since the IPO. Fermi still has to raise construction money that AMD's lease guarantee does not start covering until rent begins in early 2028.

Vincent JiangVincent Jiang · 3 min read
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Toby Neugebauer, then Fermi's co-founder and chief executive, during a CNBC interview in October 2025
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Toby Neugebauer, then Fermi's co-founder and chief executive, on CNBC Europe in October 2025, days after the company's Nasdaq listing.

The first sale since the IPO

Toby Neugebauer, the Dallas investor whose Vicksburg Investments Management and family trust hold about 22 percent of Fermi Inc.+6.96% — Fermi Inc., up 6.96 percent today (Nasdaq: FRMI), sold 4,047,200 shares of the AI power developer on October 13 and 14 for about $14 million, per the Form 4, the SEC filing insiders must make when they trade, filed October 15 12. The board removed him as chief executive on April 17, and he has since sued three of its directors 26. His own September 11 release told shareholders that "Toby and Melissa Neugebauer have not sold a share since Fermi's IPO" 2.

The filing dates the break in that pledge to the day. He sold 2,750,000 shares at a $3.7333 weighted average on October 13, then 1,297,200 more at $3.1524 on October 14, and the form states no Rule 10b5-1 trading plan applies, so the sales were not scheduled in advance 1.

His sale prices bracket the AMD pop

October 13 was the day Fermi announced AMD−2.93% — AMD, down 2.93 percent today had signed a credit support agreement behind its 222 megawatt lease to TensorWave, the data-center operator leasing the capacity at Project Matador, its Texas Panhandle campus; the stock jumped 16 percent, and Neugebauer sold 2.75 million shares into the rally at $3.69 to $3.845 135. His second tranche, the next day, went for $3.09 to $3.215, an average 15.6 percent below the first; the AMD pop was gone in a day 15.

AMD backs the rent, not the construction

AMD, rated A at S&P, stands behind the lease only once construction is finished and rent begins on the final delivery phase, with TensorWave occupying from late 2027 and delivery completing in early 2028 4. The lease has not closed; the deadline is October 31, and conditions include project financing adequate to pay for construction, which comes to roughly $2.2 billion to $2.8 billion for phase one on the per-megawatt costs Fermi discloses 4. Fermi had booked no revenue as of June 30, and its balance sheet shows the squeeze 4.

Aerial view of the Project Matador construction site in the Texas Panhandle, with earthworks, foundations and power equipment spread across cleared scrubland
Project Matador under construction in January 2026. Phase one needs roughly $2.2 billion to $2.8 billion of project financing before the TensorWave lease can close. · Fermi Inc. via X

Cash has fallen 78% in two quarters while debt more than quadrupled, with no revenue yet

  • Cash
  • Debt
$0$200$400$600Q2 '25Q3 '25Q4 '25Q1 '26Q2 '26$91.73Post-IPO capital at its peak
Data
CashDebt
Q2 '25$40.33$85.75
Q3 '25$182.99$125.44
Q4 '25$408.53$131.12
Q1 '26$243.29$465.01
Q2 '26$91.73$576.39
Quarter-end cash and total debt, USD millions, from Fermi Inc.'s SEC filings; revenue was zero in every quarter shown.7

He still holds 97 percent of his stake

After the sales he still holds 142,468,835 shares: 91.6 million through Vicksburg, 43.4 million through the Melissa A. Neugebauer 2020 Trust and 7.5 million directly, about $449 million at his last sale price, with under 3 percent of the stake gone 1. The same filing corrects his founding count, adjusting the Form 3, the initial ownership filing, from September 2025 to 40,156,376 shares plus a 4.5 million share transfer between his entities that December 1.

Vicksburg holds 91.6 million of his remaining 142.5 million shares

  • Vicksburg Investments Management91.6M64.2%
  • Melissa A. Neugebauer 2020 Trust43.4M30.5%
  • Held directly7.5M5.3%
Data
SliceValueShare
Vicksburg Investments Management91.6M64.2%
Melissa A. Neugebauer 2020 Trust43.4M30.5%
Held directly7.5M5.3%
Toby Neugebauer's remaining Fermi Inc. stake by holding entity, in millions of shares, after the October 13 and 14 sales, per the Form 4 filed October 15, 2026.1

Three deadlines land inside two weeks

His September release flagged a donor advised fund, a charitable account that pays out to nonprofits, soon fulfilling commitments made in Fermi's name in Amarillo; the Form 4 itself gives no reason for the sale 12. The October 30 annual meeting votes on his proposal for an independent review of a sale or recapitalization 2. The lease closes or slips on October 31 4. Third-quarter results land November 12 5. AMD's guarantee of that rent starts only in early 2028 4. The construction bill arrives first, and it is addressed to everyone else who owns the stock.

Deepdive

AI-generated from this story and its cited sources. Not investment advice.

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