拼多多把Temu拉得更近,但总得有人为库存买单

罗马尼亚邮政将为Temu本地卖家处理配送和退货。把库存搬到离消费者更近的地方,前提是商家的账要能扛得住仓储、配送和退货这三重成本。

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Vincent JiangVincent Jiang · 2 min read
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广州一名工人正在打包Temu服装
广州一名工人正在打包Temu服装,该资料照片发布于2025年4月16日。(图片来源:Jade Gao/Getty Images,经WIRED;图片授权确认中。)

罗马尼亚邮政总经理瓦伦丁·什特凡(Valentin Ștefan)已同意为Temu本地卖家处理配送和退货,这项合作于9月2日对外宣布。1

关税逼出了本地库存

本地包裹之所以重要,是因为自7月1日起,欧盟对符合条件的小额进口包裹征收 每个关税类别3欧元 的临时关税。这笔钱由卖家或进口商缴纳——消费者还没打开包裹袋,成本就已经先加在了前头。2

但在消费者点击下单之前,本地库存得先有人垫资。

Temu的答案:离买家更近

面对边境环节的压力,Temu早有对策:把更多商品搬到离买家更近的地方。8月24日,母公司拼多多集团联席CEO陈磊表示,公司正在加快本地仓储布局,并招募本地商家。这延续了既有策略:2025年4月,DHL就已宣布支持本地履约。3,4

批量进货可以压低运输成本、加快配送,但也意味着要在订单到来之前,先押准什么货能卖。Shopify 6月30日面向美国卖家发布的指南,描述了批量备货和可能产生的仓储费。包裹跑得更快,是因为有人提前投入了营运资金。5

商家如今要做的事

落到商家头上,事情就具体了。Shopify现行的Temu指引要求卖家自行安排履约,并在 24小时 内回应退货或退款申请。一旦错过时限,平台规则就会接管。6

拼多多有资源支撑这场转型。公司8月24日发布的未经审计业绩显示,第二季度营业利润上升,净利润下滑。利润表中含有一笔大额非经营性亏损,因此,把利润下滑完全归因于仓储开支并不成立。7

图表:拼多多2025年与2026年第二季度对比——营业利润从258亿元人民币增至278亿元,净利润从308亿元降至272亿元。
数据来自公司且未经审计;为拼多多集团口径,并非Temu单独业绩,出自2026年8月24日发布的财报。

卖家的利润率,是平台基础设施的一部分。

看多者的理由:卖家本来就有货

最有力的看多理由是:本地卖家手里本来就有库存。Temu能带来新增需求,物流伙伴则可整合配送。ShipBob在2025年4月17日的对接中,明确提供从商家现有美国库存和仓库发货的履约服务。这能让现有库存和仓库得到更充分的利用,而不必让每个卖家另建一条供应链。8

但卖家仍要在扣除仓储、配送和退货之后,留下足够利润,才会继续为平台供货。本地履约要真正强化Temu,前提是商家的盈利状况与消费者的购物体验同步改善。拼多多仅披露单一经营分部,Temu单独的盈利能力因此无从得知。9

下一个压力点

下一个压力点是欧洲的另一项处理费。9月3日,欧盟理事会批准了一揽子海关改革,目标是在11月1日前推出这项费用;目前尚待欧洲议会批准,金额也未确定。投资者应当要求公司披露商家留存率,以及每笔本地履约订单的利润。10

先盯住这项费用怎么定,再看由谁来买单。

How this brief was made

01Gathered & sourced250 channels · 2,263 articles

Agents swept 250 channels and ingested 2,263 articles, then de-duplicated and ranked them for signal.

02Verified & cross-validated10 claims · 38 data feeds

Every one of 10 load-bearing claims was checked against primary sources, with 38 live data feeds reconciling the figures and charts.

  1. 1Romanian Post announcement of the Temu memorandum, Sep 2 2026 (single-source company statement by director general Valentin Ștefan: it establishes an agreement and an intended service, not realized volume or cost savings. The AGERPRES carry of the same release is not a second source).
  2. 2European Commission on the temporary customs duty, Jun 29 2026, effective Jul 1 (official policy explanation: €3 per tariff category in a qualifying low-value parcel, not per physical unit, declared and paid by the seller or importer. Separate from the handling fee in source 10).
  3. 3PDD second-quarter earnings call, Aug 24 2026 (company-claimed; the English interpretation is reference-only per the call itself. Supports acceleration of local warehousing and merchant recruitment; it does not establish warehouse ownership or a disclosed Temu capital-spending total).
  4. 4DHL Group memorandum with Temu, Apr 4 2025 (single-source partner announcement establishing that localization predates the July 2026 duty. Its 80% Europe figure is a Temu expectation rather than an actual share and is not used here).
  5. 5Shopify's guide for US sellers, updated Jun 30 2026 (single-source operational guide: partner fulfillment involves bulk inventory in US centres and may involve storage fees. The scope is explicitly US, used as a concrete example rather than a claim about European contracts).
  6. 6Shopify's Temu orders, shipping and returns documentation, checked Sep 14 2026 (single-source operational requirement: return and refund requests answered within 24 hours, with platform policy applying if unanswered. It does not establish that all returns are automatically refunded or that every cost falls on the seller).
  7. 7PDD second-quarter results, Aug 24 2026 (company-claimed and unaudited: operating profit RMB25,793m to RMB27,764m; net income attributable to ordinary shareholders RMB30,754m to RMB27,182m. Other income/(loss), net moved from +RMB119m to -RMB7,399m, which the release does not attribute to warehouse spending. Group figures, not Temu results).
  8. 8ShipBob partnership announcement, Apr 17 2025 (single-source partner release describing fulfillment from merchants' existing US inventory and warehouse footprint. Supports the utilization counterpoint, not a measured return on investment; PRNewswire is the distributor, not a second source).
  9. 9PDD 2025 Form 20-F, filed Apr 29 2026 (single-source company filing: the segment note states one operating and reportable segment. Neither this filing nor the quarterly release discloses standalone Temu profitability).
  10. 10Council of the EU on the customs reform, Sep 3 2026 (official legislative-status announcement: Council approval completed, Parliament approval expected later in September, an EU-wide handling fee targeted by Nov 1 with the amount left for the Commission to set. An announced timetable, not an effective fee).
03Reviewed & edited1 human editor

One editor read the draft against the evidence, tuned the framing, and signed off before it shipped.

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