沃尔玛向AI智能体开放结账通道,附带支出上限与退货政策;亚马逊仍将Meta的Muse拒之门外

沃尔玛今日为AI智能体开出一条正式的结账通道,三周前,亚马逊刚把Meta的Muse智能体挡在自家店外。当软件替人购物,顾客究竟归谁?市场已开始为其中一种答案买单。

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Richard TangRichard Tang · 3 min read
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沃尔玛总裁兼首席执行官约翰·弗纳。2026年10月21日,他宣布推出面向AI智能体的Agent Gateway。
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2026年10月21日,沃尔玛总裁兼首席执行官约翰·弗纳在Masters of Scale峰会上宣布推出Agent Gateway(智能体网关)。经审批的AI智能体可借助这套网关检索沃尔玛和山姆会员店的商品库存,并代表购物者下单购买。

沃尔玛+0.80% — 沃尔玛, up 0.80 percent today把亚马逊−1.68% — 亚马逊, down 1.68 percent today守着的那扇门建了出来。这家零售商的Agent Gateway今日由总裁兼首席执行官约翰·弗纳在Masters of Scale峰会上宣布推出:这是一台服务器,经审批的AI智能体可以借此检索沃尔玛和山姆会员店的商品库存,替购物者下单购买1。

从下月起,Agent Profiles(智能体档案)将为购物者授权的每个智能体建立独立的购买记录,并设定支出上限;即便智能体买错了东西,沃尔玛的退货政策同样适用1。智能体全程接触不到顾客的支付信息1。授权加上责任,才能把有能力的智能体变成受治理约束的顾客。

缺的一环是授权,不是能力

Meta−2.00% — Meta, down 2.00 percent today的Muse智能体9月8日上线,付款环节早已打通:结账可走Stripe旗下的Link,由它生成一次性卡号,真实卡信息因此不会暴露;也可走Shopify−2.46% — Shopify, down 2.46 percent as of its last quote的Shop Pay56。此前,没有任何大型零售商拿出过规则。

亚马逊9月20日封禁Muse时给出的理由是:Muse不表明自身身份,还会截获用户登录凭证34——尽管今年8月,一家上诉法院已在亚马逊与Perplexity之争中裁定,访问商店的是用户本人,而非智能体的开发者3。这道门开不开是一项服务决策,沃尔玛作出了相反的选择。

沃尔玛的网关采用模型上下文协议(Model Context Protocol)。这套开放标准连接AI应用与外部系统的方式,正如USB-C连接硬件17。网关还补上了协议本身不涵盖的内容:行为条款、针对单个智能体的授权,以及退货责任1。上周我们报道过有人借一款Shopify应用伪造智能体结账,在那之后,治理到位的通道绝非锦上添花。

结账在谁手里,顾客就归谁

钱在更上一层。Meta在Connect大会上表示,将对Muse经手的交易收取小额手续费;支付通道则归Stripe和Shopify所有56。弗吉尼亚大学一位商学教授向CNBC道出了利害所在:谁拥有智能体,谁就拥有与顾客的关系5。

Shopify总裁表示,智能体订单的经济账与线上店铺订单完全一致,且上季度AI驱动的订单量同比增长两倍2。该股一个月内上涨三分之一,其中约一半涨幅出现在亚马逊封禁次日、Shopify便将Shop Pay接入Muse之后的两个交易日内2。11月3日发布的财报,将首次检验智能体订单量能否左右分析师预期2。

两年间,Shopify营收增速从20%出头升至35%左右

202530352023Q42024Q22024Q42025Q22025Q42026Q233.7
Data
营收同比增速
2023Q325.5
2023Q423.6
2024Q123.4
2024Q220.7
2024Q326.1
2024Q431.2
2025Q126.8
2025Q231.1
2025Q331.5
2025Q430.6
2026Q134.3
2026Q233.7
Shopify各日历季度营收同比增速(单位:%),数据来自该公司向美国证监会(SEC)提交的文件。截至2026年9月的季度业绩将于11月3日发布,是首个纳入Muse结账量的季度。8

亚马逊封禁,为的是守住广告生意

亚马逊之所以封禁,是因为其广告收入有赖于对搜索框、比价流程和结账意向的掌控,而这些恰恰是智能体会一并抹去的环节4。沃尔玛可失去的不多,可赢得的是一条新渠道:购物已是Muse最大的使用驱动力之一,弗纳也已公开承诺,不会把顾客数据用于动态定价5。

智能体商务(agentic commerce)的瓶颈从来不在模型,而在谁握着卡、谁为退货兜底。这两个问题,沃尔玛今天都给出了答案。亚马逊的墙只能守到那一刻:购物者把每周的日用品交给智能体去采买,而智能体流向一家肯放它进门的商店。

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