Economy

Circle股东起诉特朗普:矛头指向竞品稳定币USD1背后的25亿美元阿联酋资金

一名Circle股东就竞品稳定币USD1背后25亿美元的阿联酋关联资金起诉美国总统。这起宪法诉讼胜算渺茫,但它揭出的经济账却实实在在:面对主权资金扶持的竞争对手,Circle每1美元收入只能留下7美分。

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Vincent JiangVincent Jiang · 3 min read
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2017年1月20日,特朗普右手高举,宣誓就任美国总统,梅拉尼娅·特朗普在一旁手持《圣经》。
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2017年1月20日,特朗普宣誓就任美国总统。一项股东诉讼称,就在那次就职典礼前数日,外国资金入股了World Liberty Financial。

持有Circle 1万股股票的一名股东于周四将美国总统告上法庭,而他代为起诉的Circle公司却与这桩官司保持距离12。J. 本杰明·格林伯格(J. Benjamin Greenberg)向华盛顿联邦法院提起股东派生诉讼(derivative suit),以Circle自身名义主张权利——在这类诉讼中,股东可代公司追究管理层不愿追究的诉求;判赔所得归Circle,而非他本人2。

被告包括特朗普、特朗普家族企业World Liberty Financial、美国中东问题特使史蒂夫·威特科夫(Steve Witkoff)以及多家关联有限责任公司12。Circle随即回应称,公司“并未发起、指示、授权或参与提交这份诉状”1。市场当天便作出裁决:CRCL下跌3.44%,至86美元左右,对应市值约220亿美元2。

两笔交易,一项宪法指控

美国宪法“外国酬金条款”(Foreign Emoluments Clause)禁止总统在未获国会同意的情况下接受外国政府的款项。格林伯格称,该条款两度遭违反:2025年1月就职典礼前数日,由阿联酋国家安全顾问谢赫·塔赫农·本·扎耶德·阿勒纳哈扬(Sheikh Tahnoon bin Zayed Al Nahyan)支持的投资载体同意以5亿美元收购World Liberty 49%的股权23。

另一笔交易中,由塔赫农担任董事长的阿布扎比MGX基金动用20亿美元的World Liberty USD1稳定币,购入币安股份12。特朗普2025年财务申报列出的加密货币收入超过14亿美元,其中近8亿美元来自World Liberty2。诉讼要求披露上述款项、返还违法所得,并禁止今后同类交易13。

为何牵动Circle的利润率

USDC占稳定币流通量24%,面对获主权资金支持的40亿美元竞品

$0B$50B$100B$150B$200BTether USDT$183BCircle USDC$73BWorld Liberty USD1$4B
Data
Value
Tether USDT$183B
Circle USDC$73B
World Liberty USD1$4B
2026年10月各稳定币流通量,单位为十亿美元。数据来自DefiLlama,由Ainvest[2]和雅虎财经(Yahoo Finance)[6]报道。在总规模超过3000亿美元的市场中,USDT约占60%,USDC约占24%。2,6

USD1目前规模尚小,流通量约40亿美元,USDC则为733亿美元26。真正的威胁来自其背后的卖家:一边是主权资本,一边是持股49%的股东,后者筹建的信托银行已于2026年8月获得美国货币监理署(OCC)的附条件初步批准2。与此同时,Circle 2026年上半年的经营数据已经说明,守住市场份额的代价有多高:约14亿美元的收入中,约8.19亿美元(59%)花在USDC的分销合作伙伴和交易成本上,最终只有约7%留作利润4。USD1每用国家资金买下1美元份额,Circle都要拿这点微薄利润去防守4。

白宫称毫无依据,但这扇门已经打开

白宫称这起诉讼毫无依据;World Liberty表示,公司内部没有任何人在政府任职;以往的宪法“酬金条款”诉讼也一无所获13。撇开法律分量不谈,这起诉讼本身就是一个信号:它在Circle 11月4日发布第三季度财报前13天递交,而在这个季度,储备金收益率下降了66个基点,USDC规模却增长25%6。

这条护城河还延伸到欧洲:自11月12日起,欧洲银行管理局(EBA)将USDC作为欧盟首个“重要”电子货币代币纳入双重监管,监管者的目光将投向储备金,而这样的储备金,USD1的支持者目前尚无法企及7。如果诉讼得以推进,USD1的主权资金来源将在法庭上受到挑战;即便它因起诉资格不成立而被驳回,Circle每1美元收入中仍要拿出59美分去保住份额4。接下来值得盯住的,是案件进展、流通量数据和11月4日46。

What happens next

Binance

Does the distribution-cost squeeze on Circle's margin worsen as USDC grows?

The case for

The Foreign Emoluments claim against Trump and World Liberty could force disclosure, disgorgement or a bar on further sovereign deals

The case against

Even a dismissed emoluments suit keeps the USD1 overhang alive as long as the docket runs

  1. Wed Nov 4Circle's third-quarter results.
  2. Thu Nov 12EBA dual supervision of USDC as the EU's first significant e-money token begins. Does the European oversight widen Circle's regulatory moat over USD1?

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