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LG新能源豪赌储能:50 GWh供给,等的是2 GWh已公布需求

这家韩国电池制造商最抢眼的欧洲需求新闻,只是一份不具约束力的谅解备忘录,规模约相当于其在建的50 GWh北美产能的4%;锂供应合同和140 GWh的在手订单,才显示出真正的承诺所在。11月3日发布的三季报,将检验已公布的订单能否转化落地。

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Vincent JiangVincent Jiang · 3 min read
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围栏后由集装箱单元组成的电网级储能电站,与架空输电线相连
1 / 6Slide 1 of 6
类似LG新能源供货对象的电网级储能电站:集装箱式储能单元接入输电网。

10月27日,LG新能源+2.00% — LG新能源, up 2.00 percent today与以色列可再生能源开发商Energix签署谅解备忘录,约定在24个月内向欧洲和美国供应约2 GWh电网级储能电池,其中欧洲1.5 GWh、北美0.5 GWh,双方还在洽谈将总量提升至4.5 GWh1。韩国媒体将此解读为该公司出手应对AI带动的电力紧缺3。

新闻稿本身的措辞要谨慎得多:协议明确不具约束力,具体供应量有待进一步商谈敲定13。该备忘录下的首个项目,是位于立陶宛约纳瓦(Jonava)、规模约320 MWh的储能电站,目标是到2027年才投入商业运营14。

供给端合同已锁定,需求端尚在握手

矛盾就在这笔账里。这份2 GWh的谅解备忘录是本月最受瞩目的需求消息,却只相当于LG新能源计划年底前投运的超过50 GWh北美磷酸铁锂(LFP)储能产能的约4%——这些产能分布在五座工厂,从密歇根州的兰辛、霍兰德,一直到安大略省的NextStar工厂25。而与该公司截至去年底约140 GWh的储能(ESS)在手订单相比,Energix这份备忘录不过是零头5。

与待填满的产能和在手订单相比,Energix这份备忘录微不足道

050100150Energix备忘录(初始规模)2Energix备忘录(扩充后)4.5北美产能(2026年底)50储能在手订单(2025年底)140
Data
Value
Energix备忘录(初始规模)2
Energix备忘录(扩充后)4.5
北美产能(2026年底)50
储能在手订单(2025年底)140
单位:GWh。Energix各项数据为不具约束力的备忘录数字;产能为公司2026年底规划;在手订单为截至2025年底的披露数据。资料来源:LG新能源(经MarketScreener)、Chosunbiz、Rocketpunch/韩国经济新闻。1,2,5

需求端并非全是纸面文章。2026年上半年,LG新能源新签储能订单超过3万亿韩元,全年订单目标为90 GWh;9月,公司与加拿大系统集成商e-Zinc签订供货协议;今年早些时候,还拿下特斯拉+3.83% — 特斯拉, up 3.83 percent today、DTE Energy−0.04% — DTE Energy, down 0.04 percent today(6 GWh,配套甲骨文+3.99% — 甲骨文, up 3.99 percent today的AI数据中心项目)以及谷歌与Cypress Creek合作的光储一体化项目的合同5。它还是全球三家获评英伟达+0.86% — 英伟达, up 0.86 percent today电池储能(BESS)“DSX Ready”合作伙伴的公司之一——该认证计划面向的是用于建设AI工厂的产品5。

为保障这一切的原料供应,LG新能源已锁定加拿大Elevra四年内供应的24万吨锂精矿,以及美国Smackover自2029年起十年内供应的8万吨碳酸锂2。

订单转化才是这笔交易的胜负手

看多者仍多于质疑者:31位分析师的平均评级为“买入”,平均目标价500,603韩元,较375,000韩元的现价高出33%——即便该股年内已累计下跌13.19%1。但二季度业绩说明了转化为何重要:营收7.56万亿韩元,同比增长35.8%,营业利润率却只有1.5%6。

看多者的反驳也站得住脚:在AI数据中心负荷的拉动下,储能需求确实在激增,而LG新能源握有承接这波需求的制造版图与合作伙伴关系。悬而未决的只剩时点。Energix的目标是打造8 GW以上的项目组合,但其立陶宛项目要到2027年才投运14。重点关注11月3日发布的三季度财报1:若已宣布的谅解备忘录开始转化为有约束力的在手订单,50 GWh的产能建设才有回报;否则,股东只能一直背负闲置产能,直到转化发生。

(背景关联:本刊10月19日的文章曾报道俄亥俄储能产能爬坡及其小型工具制造商供应商;本文只覆盖其后的新增内容,即将Energix的需求公告与产能、供应承诺相对照。)

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