Alphabet连续两季零回购:2000亿美元资本开支与Anthropic吃掉现金

Alphabet今晚美股盘后公布第三季度财报,股票回购自2017年以来首次归零。原本流向股东的现金,如今花在了数据中心、债务和Anthropic上市前股权上;云业务收入必须增长得足够快,才能证明这次转向划算。

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Vincent JiangVincent Jiang · 3 min read
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桑达尔·皮查伊戴着眼镜、身穿毛衣,坐在凳子上手持话筒,一边向听众讲话一边打手势
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2015年,Alphabet首席执行官桑达尔·皮查伊在河内一场社区活动上发言。Alphabet今晚美股盘后发布第三季度财报,股票回购自2017年以来首次归零。

回购科目连续两个季度为零

Alphabet+0.87% — Alphabet, up 0.87 percent today今晚美股盘后将公布第三季度业绩,而最能解释这只股票的一行数字,位于现金流量表靠近底部的位置:股票回购连续两个季度显示为零,这是2017年以来的首次暂停12。一段五年间向股东返还约3000亿美元的回购纪录就此终结,返还规模超过其他任何一家“超大规模云厂商”(hyperscaler,即外界对巨型云计算与算力运营商的称呼);在Alphabet、微软−0.60% — 微软, down 0.60 percent today和亚马逊−0.40% — 亚马逊, down 0.40 percent today三者中,近期仍在回购股票的只有微软3。

钱另有去处

2026年上半年,公司有560亿美元投向收购和非流通证券,主要是Anthropic$350B — Anthropic, private, latest valuation $350B的股份12。全年资本开支指引约为2000亿美元,其中约1200亿美元尚未花出;《The Inference》10月25日曾报道这一计划,暂停回购则是新的转折2。

今年第二季度,449亿美元的资本开支超过了391亿美元的经营现金流4,缺口为59亿美元,是Alphabet自2004年上市以来首个自由现金流转负的季度5。填补缺口的是九个月内新增的770亿美元债务,以及300亿美元增发股票所得和190亿美元强制性可转换优先股(一种必须转换为普通股的优先股)2。

Alphabet前三季度融资,债务挑了大梁

$0B$20B$40B$60B$80B新增债务$77B增发股票$30B强制性可转换优先股$19B
Data
Value
新增债务$77B
增发股票$30B
强制性可转换优先股$19B
Alphabet 2026年前九个月筹资金额,单位为十亿美元,数据由《巴伦周刊》根据Alphabet申报文件整理。2

2026年第二季度,Alphabet资本开支反超经营现金流

  • 资本开支
  • 经营现金流
$0B$20B$40B$60B2023Q42024Q22024Q42025Q22025Q42026Q22004年以来首次自由现金流转负
Data
资本开支经营现金流
2023Q3$8.06B$30.66B
2023Q4$11.02B$18.92B
2024Q1$12.01B$28.85B
2024Q2$13.19B$26.64B
2024Q3$13.06B$30.7B
2024Q4$14.28B$39.11B
2025Q1$17.2B$36.15B
2025Q2$22.45B$27.75B
2025Q3$23.95B$48.41B
2025Q4$27.85B$52.4B
2026Q1$35.67B$45.79B
2026Q2$44.92B$39.07B
Alphabet各季度数据,单位为十亿美元,来自公司向SEC提交的文件,检索于2026年10月28日;涉及2004年的对比数据来自The Motley Fool。4,5

投资回报经由Anthropic兑现

看多逻辑并非空谈。谷歌云上季度增长82%,至248亿美元,经营利润率35.6%,背后是5140亿美元的在手订单,管理层预计其中一半将在24个月内转化为收入5。今晚的共识预期是:云业务收入增长约90%,至290亿美元;板块经营利润约100亿美元,增长171%12。

如今,这笔回报的很大一部分要经由Anthropic实现——这家AI实验室已定于11月中旬IPO。根据一份TPU协议(TPU即张量处理单元,是谷歌自研的AI芯片),Anthropic到2033年将欠谷歌云1145亿美元;此外还有一份2028年起生效的第二笔云协议,金额在1250亿至1500亿美元之间,谷歌在其中未必是唯一服务提供商2。

参与联合设计这些芯片的博通+0.77% — 博通, up 0.77 percent today,将向Anthropic收取1610亿美元的芯片租金2。Anthropic上市后,Alphabet仍将持有逾5%的股份,并握有按发行价再认购100亿美元股票的期权26。

Meta发新股融资,Alphabet主要靠举债

Meta−1.11% — Meta, down 1.11 percent today上季度烧掉21.2亿美元现金,是十多年来首个自由现金流为负的季度。本周,该公司将史上最大规模的股权融资提高至创纪录的975亿美元,另有一项按市价发行(ATM)计划,即分批向市场出售股票,至多再募资600亿美元7。Alphabet同样在发行股票,但扩建资金主要来自举债2。

首席财务官阿纳特·阿什肯纳齐已表示,2027年的开支将“显著增加”2。今晚的走势取决于三个数字:回购金额是否继续为零,云收入能否突破290亿美元,以及管理层是否就100亿美元的Anthropic认购期权作出任何表态6。

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